{"id":1091,"date":"2015-10-20T17:30:55","date_gmt":"2015-10-20T17:30:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/?p=1091"},"modified":"2015-10-25T13:53:31","modified_gmt":"2015-10-25T13:53:31","slug":"white-crowned-sparrows-in-the-east-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/?p=1091","title":{"rendered":"White-crowned Sparrows in the East"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>East of the Great Plains, an interesting variety of migrant White-crowned Sparrows can be observed. Some birds are &#8220;classic&#8221; examples of their respective subspecies; <em>leucophrys<\/em> to the east, <em>gambelii<\/em> to the west, but many migrants throughout this broad geographic area show intermediate characters.<!--more-->The percentage of intermediate examples begins to increase from the central tundra east to Hudson and James Bay (Banks 1964). This coincides with <span class=\"text_exposed_show\">what James (1991) describes as an area of introgression between the western and eastern subspecies. East of the Rockies, gene flow throughout the trans-canadian population of White-crowned Sparrows appears largely fluid and unrestricted by geographic barriers, at least through to Hudson and James Bay. In his classic, detailed study, Banks (1964) determined that the proportion of dark-lored birds increased quite dramatically east of this area, suggesting there is a significant &#8220;disruption&#8221; to the apparent free-flowing introgression of <em>gambelii<\/em> &amp; <em>leucophrys<\/em> along the western coast of Hudson Bay. Regarding gene flow, this area is likely acting as a substantial geographic barrier toward further eastern influence of westerner, <em>gambelii<\/em> (Todd 1953).<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"text_exposed_show\">\n<p>A fun &amp; challenging winter project &#8212; I&#8217;ll have the full, <em>very<\/em> detailed post up by Spring 2016!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/12162059_10205387779037854_1101392063_o.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1092 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/12162059_10205387779037854_1101392063_o-300x146.jpg\" alt=\"12162059_10205387779037854_1101392063_o\" width=\"300\" height=\"146\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/12162059_10205387779037854_1101392063_o-300x146.jpg 300w, https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/12162059_10205387779037854_1101392063_o.jpg 694w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Figure 1<\/strong>: Two examples below are straightforward and &#8220;classic&#8221;, field guide-style representatives of their respective subspecies; four are not. Can you determine which is which? <strong>Photo Credits:<\/strong> (L to R; top to bottom): Nicole Richardson, Dan Ripplinger, Cog2012, Katie Fuller, John Picken, Marty Jones. \u00a0<strong>Locations,\u00a0L to R, top to bottom<\/strong>: New Liskeard, Ont; Missouri, USA; Iowa, USA; Long Point, Ont; Chicago, USA; Indiana, USA.<\/p>\n<p>Note: this project is nowhere near possible without the aid of a great many excellent photographers. I am deeply indebted. Many thanks \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Banks, R.C. 1964. Geographic variation in the White-crowned Sparrow <em>Zonotrichia leucophrys<\/em>. <em>University of California Publications in Zoology<\/em> 70:1-123.<\/p>\n<p>James, R.D. 1991. <em>Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Ontario.<\/em> Second Edition. Life Sciences Miscellaneous Publications. Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto.<\/p>\n<p>Todd, W.E.C. 1953. Further taxonomic notes on the White-crowned Sparrow.\u00a0<em>Auk\u00a0<\/em>70: 370-372. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sora.unm.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/journals\/auk\/v070n03\/p0370-p0372.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/sora.unm.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/journals\/auk\/v070n03\/p0370-p0372.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>East of the Great Plains, an interesting variety of migrant White-crowned Sparrows can be observed. Some birds are &#8220;classic&#8221; examples of their respective subspecies; leucophrys to the east, gambelii to the west, but many migrants throughout this broad geographic area show intermediate characters.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1091","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1091","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1091"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1091\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1124,"href":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1091\/revisions\/1124"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1091"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1091"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eontbird.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1091"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}